1875 School Systems by State

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Enrollment

1875 School Systems by State – Enrollment, Attendance, and School Duration

States and Territories	Report for the Year	School Year Begins	School Year Ends	School population age range	Total school population	Number of male students	Number of female students	Number of students under 6 years of age	Number of students over 16 years of age	Number of students between 6 and 16 years of age	Number of students enrolled in schools during school year	Average monthly enrollment	Average daily attendance	Notes
Alabama	1874-75	Oct. 1	Sept. 30	5-21	406,270	233,733	172,537				147,340		110,253
Arkansas	1874-75		June 30	6-21	184,692	96,096	88,596				73,878		42,680
California	1874-75	July 1	June 30	5-17	171,583	86,967	84,596				139,930		78,027
Connecticut	1874-75	Sept. 1	Aug. 31	4-16	134,976			22,496	0	112,480	120,189		68,993
Delaware	1874-75	April		5-21							10,881
Florida	1874-75	Oct.	Sept.	6-21	94,522	47,786	46,736				32,371		28,306
Georgia	1875	Jan. 1	Dec. 31	6-18	394,037	202,115	191,922				156,394		96,680
Illinois	1874-75	Oct. 1	Sept. 30	6-21	958,003	487,820	470,183				685,676
Indiana	1874-75	July 1	June 30	6-21	667,711	345,439	322,272				502,302		300,743
Iowa	1874-75	Sept. 16	Sept. 15	5-21	533,903	274,631	259,272	66,740	125,450	341,713	384,012
Kansas	1874-75	Aug.1	July 31	5-21	199,986	102,493	97,493	28,345	42,310	129,331	142,606		85,580
Kentucky	1874-75	July 1	June 30	6-20	437,100						228,000		159,000	School enrollment is for white schools only
Louisiana	1874-75	Sept. 1	Aug. 31	6-21	274,688						74,846
Maine	1874-75	April 1	Mar. 31	4-21	221,477						157,323		100,641
Maryland	1874-75	Sept. 1	June 30	5-20	276,120	138,813	137,307	0			142,992	99,382	69,259	Legal school age is form 6 to 21.
Massachusetts	1874-75	April 1	Mar. 31	5-15	294,708						302,118		216,861
Michigan	1874-75	Sept. 7	Sept. 6	5-20	448,784						343,619	250,000	200,000
Minnesota	1874-75	Oct. 1	Sept. 30	5-21	218,641	111,629	107,012		52,128		130,280		71,292
Mississippi	1874-75	Sept. 1	Aug. 31	5-21	318,459	154,882	163,577				168,217	133,330	106,894
Missouri	1874-75	April	April	5-21	738,431	381,720	338,466				394,780		192,904	Sex not reported for enrollment in all cases
Nebraska	1874-75	April	April	5-21	80,122	41,980	38,142				49,196	55,423
Nevada	1873-74	Sept. 1	Aug. 31	6-18	6,315	3,121	3,194				4,811		2,884
New Hampshire	1874-75	Mar.	Mar.	4-21	76,272	39,886	36,386	6,222	6,664	55,865	68,751		48,288	Sex not reported in all cases; student data by age range is for public schools only
New Jersey	1874-75	Sept. 1	Aug. 31	5-18	312,694						191,731		98,089
New York	1874-75	Oct. 1	Sept. 30	5-21	1,583,064						1,059,238		531,885
North Carolina	1873			6-21	348,603	179,715	168,888				146,737		97,830
Ohio	1874-75	Sept. 1	Aug. 31	6-21	1,017,726	322,418	495,308	0	200,588	757,138	712,129	532,473	435,349
Oregon	1874-75	April	April	4-20	44,661	23,265	21,396				21,518
Pennsylvania	1874-75	June	June	6-21	1,200,000						890,073		551,848	Total school population is for 1873
Rhode Island	1874-75	May 1	April 30	5-15	53,316	26,596	26,720	4,995		48,321	38,554	30,102	26,163	Enrollment data by age range is estimated; also 4,600 in evening schools and 146 of those are also enrolled in day schools; average monthly and daily attendance also include 3,306 monthly and 2,256 daily in evening schools.
South Carolina	1874-75	Oct.	June	6-16	230,264	122,910	116,354			239,264	110,416
Tennessee	1874-75	Sept. 1	Aug. 31	6-18	426,612	219,009	207,603				199,058		136,805
Texas	1874-75	Sept. 1	Aug. 31	6-18	313,061						184,705		125,224
Vermont	1873-74	April 1	Mar. 31	5-20	89,541						78,130		50,023
Virginia	1874-75	Aug. 1	July 31	5-21	482,789	248,894	233,895	43,880	131,970	397,230	184,486	138,015	103,927
West Virginia	1874-75	Sept. 1	Aug. 31	6-21	179,897	96,354	83,543				115,300		79,602
Wisconsin	1874-75	Sept. 1	Aug. 31	4-20	461,829	219,647	232,182				279,854
Arizona	1875	Jan. 1	Dec. 31	6-21	2,508	1,265	1,243				568		419
Colorado	1874-75	Oct. 1	Sept. 30	5-21	23,275	12,264	11,011				12,552		7,343
Dakota	1874-75	Sept. 1	Aug. 31	5-21	8,343						4,428
District of Columbia	1874-75	Sept. 1	Aug. 31	6-17	31,671	14,971	16,700	0	2,538	29,133	18,875	14,417	13,494
Idaho	1874-75	Sept. 1	Aug. 31	5-21	4,020	2,150	1,870				3,270
Montana	1874-75	Sept. 1	Aug. 31	4-21	3,892	1,964	1,858		1,025	2,250	2,215	1,875	1,710
New Mexico	1875	Jan. 1	Dec. 31	7-18							5,151
Utah	1874-75	Nov. 2	Nov. 1	4-16	35,696	18,094	17,602	5,949	0	29,747	19,278		13,462
Washington	1875	Jan.	Dec.	4-21	8,350						6,699
Wyoming	1875			5-20							1,222
Indian	1875			6-16							3,754
States and Territories	Report for the Year	School Year Begins	School Year Ends	School population age range	Total school population	Number of male students	Number of female students	Number of students under 6 years of age	Number of students over 16 years of age	Number of students between 6 and 16 years of age	Number of students enrolled in schools during school year	Average monthly enrollment	Average daily attendance	Notes

Source: “Table I.—Part I.—Statistics of the school systems of the States and Territories, showing the enrollment, attendance, duration of schools, &c.; from replies by the United States Bureau of Education,” United States Department of Interior, Report of the Commissioner of Education (Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 1876), 548 – 549.

Teachers, Salaries, Misc.

1875 School Systems by State – Teachers, Salaries, Miscellaneous

State Name	Public school rooms exclusive of those used only for recitation	Public school rooms used exclusively for recitation	Average duration of school in days	Males in nonpublic schools below high school	Females in nonpublic schools below high school	Combined students in nonpublic schools below high school	Males in nonpublic high schools	Females in nonpublic high schools	Combined students in nonpublic high schools	Male teachers in nonpublic schools	Female teachers in nonpublic schools	Male teachers in public schools	Female teachers in public schools	Total teachers in public schools	Number of teachers necessary to supply public schools	Average salary of male teachers per month in public schools	Average salary per female teachers per month in public schools	Combined average teacher salary	Notes
Alabama	3,936		86.50									2,702	1,297	3,999	4,000			$27.20
Arkansas		2,134										1,582	740	2,322
California			149.00									1,033	1,660	2,693		$84.93	$68.01
Connecticut	2,499		176.00			9,145						721	2,324	3,045	2,631	$70.05	$37.35
Delaware			140.00											430	456			$28.00
Florida			132.00											796	1,000	$50.00	$30.00
Georgia
Illinois												9,288	12,330	21,618	13,197	$48.21	$33.32
Indiana			120.00									7,670	5,463	13,133		$65.00	$40.00
Iowa			136.00									6,500	11,645	18,145		$36.68	$28.33
Kansas	4,319	39	102.00	2,831	2,460		933	711		165	186	2,484	2,899	5,383	4,434	$33.98	$27.25
Kentucky			100.00			40,000						4,236	1,732	5,968				$49.40	All statistics for white schools only
Louisiana												797	760	1,557	1,557	$37.00	$37.00
Maine			117.00									1,984	4,475	6,459	4,500	$37.00	$18.00
Maryland			187.00									1,129	1,594	2,723	2,603	$41.73	$41.73
Massachusetts			177.00			24,244						1,169	8,047	9,216		$88.37	$35.35
Michigan			138.00			7,931				150		3,285	9,182	12,467	7,600	$51.29	$28.19
Minnesota	3,085	25	120.00							120	444	1,372	1,501	2,063	3,362	$41.36	$28.91
Mississippi	1,288	5,550	140.00									2,989	1,979	4,968	4,968	$55.47	$55.47
Missouri	7,610		99.00									5,904	3,747	9,651	10,000	$38.00	$29.50
Nebraska	1,905		96.00									1,504	1,587	3,091	2,500	$38.60	$33.10
Nevada						680						35	80	115				$100.56
New Hampshire	49	2,599	100.00			3,357						503	3,166	3,669	2,599	$42.61	$25.54		Teacher salaries include board
New Jersey			194.00			44,434						946	2,307	3,253	2,948	$67.65	$37.75
New York			176.00									7,428	22,585	30,013
North Carolina			50.00											2,690		$30.00	$25.00
Ohio	14,868		140.00							12,306	10,186	22,492	15,087	60	44
Oregon	859		105.50									496	457	953	859	$51.45	$45.50
Pennsylvania			151.00									8,585	11,295	19,880		$41.07	$34.09
Rhode Island	739	85	178.00	1,770	1,870		2,260	1,600		10	175	195	861	1,056	822	$58.18	$46.17		Please see p.550 of the 1875 Report of the Commissioner to see additional statistics about evening schools
South Carolina			100.00									1,773	1,082	2,855		$31.64	$29.21
Tennessee			100.00									3,125	1,040	4,210		$30.85	$30.85		Total teachers include 45 where sex was not stated
Texas			78.00											4,030				$53.00	Total teachers is estimated
Vermont	2,714	68	111.00			7,221				71	128	667	3,739	4,406	2,782	$45.62	$25.65
Virginia	4,185		112.00	8,778	9,855		2,111	2,541		487	832	2,711	1,551	4,262	5,215	$33.52	$28.71
West Virginia	3,245		92.50									2,677	784	3,461		$35.03	$30.77
Wisconsin	6,044		149.00			10,733			917					9,451	6,224	$43.50	$27.13		In 26 cities the average number of school days is 195; there are 10,723 students in nonpublics below high school and 917 in high school; total of 784 teachers in nonpublic schools; average salary is in the country, in the cities the average salaries are: male, $109; female, $39.40.
Arizona	14		180.00							6	8	6	8	14	14	$100.00	$100.00
Colorado			116.00	376	550				4	24	172	205	377	60	48
Dakota	221											54	154	208	296	$35.00	$25.00
District of Columbia	274	5	191.00	2,561	2,973		573	1,154				22	271	293	293	$113.00	$75.00
Idaho	53															$55.00	$55.00
Montana	96	10	92.00			249				14	2	43	56	99	104	$65.00	$57.00
New Mexico			132.00			259				41	40	132	15	147
Utah	296		140.00	1,453	1,497		291	301		25	52	220	238	458	296	$47.00	$23.00
Washington			70.00											220
Wyoming												7	16	23
Indian			165.00
State Name	Public school rooms exclusive of those used only for recitation	Public school rooms used exclusively for recitation	Average duration of school in days	Males in nonpublic schools below high school	Females in nonpublic schools below high school	Combined students in nonpublic schools below high school	Males in nonpublic high schools	Females in nonpublic high schools	Combined students in nonpublic high schools	Male teachers in nonpublic schools	Female teachers in nonpublic schools	Male teachers in public schools	Female teachers in public schools	Total teachers in public schools	Number of teachers necessary to supply public schools	Average salary of male teachers per month in public schools	Average salary per female teachers per month in public schools	Combined average teacher salary	Notes

Source: “Table I.—Part I.—Statistics of the school systems of the States and Territories, showing the enrollment, attendance, duration of schools, &c.;—Concluded,” United States Department of Interior, Report of the Commissioner of Education(Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 1876), 550 – 551.

Income and Expenditures

1875 School Systems by State – Income Expenditures, Funds

States and Territories	Annual income from state tax	Annual income from local tax	Total income from taxation	Interest on permanent fund including rent on school lands	Revenue from other funds	Annual income from other sources	Total income	Increase of permanent fund in the school fund	Permanent fund expenditures for sites, buildings, furniture	Permanent fund expenditures for libraries and apparatus	Current expenses for superintendent salaries	Current expenses for teacher salaries	Current expenses for misc.	Total annual expenditures	Expenses per capita of the school population	Expenses per capita of pupils enrolled in public schools	Expenses per capita of average attendance in public schools	Expenses per capita of population 6 to 16	Expenses per capita of pop. 6 to 16 inc. interest on property	Amount of available school fund	Amount of permanent school fund	Estimated real value of sites, buildings, other school property	Notes
Alabama	409,889		409,889	139,925		3,200	553,014	4,292		100	34,187	489,492		523,779
Arkansas	352,679	428,997	781,676	7,860			789,536	68,158	54,912		24,100	259,747		750,000	4	10	18			135,000	1,222,500	355,000	Not all items for total expenditures reported.
California	1,031,531	1,431,213	2,462,744	179,277	387,761	360,577	3,390,359	190,000	421,279	44,676	43,622	1,810,479	381,807	2,701,863		17	26	16	19	17,375,000		5,068,078	Per capita measures are per capita of population between 5 and 17.
Connecticut	202,119	1,138,714	1,340,833	148,221	62,150	41,545	1,592,749	0	212,680	8,262	20,000	1,957,242	254,399	1,552,583	12	13	22	14		2,044,226	2,044,226
Delaware			159,734		33,001		192,735										10
Florida	14,785	155,867	170,652	17,500	800		188,952				15,600			15,600	2	6	7			219,400	229,400
Georgia	291,319	144,000	435,319				435,319								1	3	4
Illinois	1,000,000	5,949,674	6,949,674	455,605		455,274	7,860,553		864,934	225,640		5,326,780	971,854	7,389,208
Indiana	1,577,533	2,650,622	4,228,155	607,717		205,645	5,041,517	87,000	700,000		50,000	2,830,747	949,457	4,530,204	7	9	15			8,799,191	8,799,191	10,870,338
Iowa		4,226,976	4,226,976	318,998		489,524	5,035,498		1,087,983	26,700		2,598,440	892,626	4,605,749	7	9	16	11	14	3,363,960	3,363,960	8,617,956	Superintendent salaries included with teachers.
Kansas	121,546	685,162	806,708	205,256	3,300	27,034	1,042,298	114,595	169,188	13,698	34,100	689,907	113,208	1,020,101	4	6	10	7	10	2,304,309		4,140,090
Kentucky	870,150	429,641	1,299,791			138,355	1,438,146		111,406					1,559,452								1,624,000	Estimated value of sites, buildings and property is for school-houses.
Louisiana	207,406	313,358	520,764			178,901	699,665		60,182		24,000	573,114	42,339	699,665	2	9						896,100
Maine	274,570	847,655	1,122,225	19,558	25,585	145,935	1,313,303	30,675	110,725		29,668	1,046,766	126,144	1,313,303	5	8	12			400,558		3,019,549
Maryland	499,564	808,350	1,307,914	53,132		15,000	1,376,046	0	272,539		25,440	1,035,755	307,313	1,641,047	5	10	20			350,370	350,370		Expenses for physical plant include repairs, in part.
Massachusetts	0	6,082,214	6,082,214	177,227	120,286	30,787	6,410,514	0	1,533,142					7,000,000	22	20	30			2,065,238	2,065,238	20,856,777	Estimated real value of physical plant is sites and buildings only.
Michigan	508,183	2,340,198	2,848,381	217,841		1,107,329	4,173,551		550,205	20,904		10,950,928	994,745	3,516,782	7	12	15			3,143,662	4,843,662	9,355,894	Library and apparatus expense for libraries only.
Minnesota			1,535,854	191,578	48,870	84,856	1,861,158	200,000	208,030			702,662	247,755	1,158,447	6	9	17			3,200,000	10,000,000	2,808,156	Amount of permanent school fund is between 10 and 12 million.
Mississippi	489,444	354,872	844,316	113,466	142,966	9,500	1,110,248		50,000	5,000	48,650	856,950	80,000	1,040,600	3	5	7			2,068,358		1,000,000
Missouri	312,009	2,155,810	2,467,819	545,776	0	0	3,013,595	286,280													7,248,535	6,771,163
Nebraska	164,389		164,389	95,230		32,856	292,475		316,596	10,810	18,916	414,827	167,039	928,188	8	11				121,228	15,000,000	1,848,239	Expenses for physical plant also include debt; Amount of permanent fund includes the value of school lands.
Nevada			93,431			52,750	146,181		22,241	482		83,548	18,030	124,301								121,011
New Hampshire	0	539,165	539,165	25,348	27,340	29,796	621,649		264,244			424,889	53,721	742,854	7	7	10	9	11	52,088		2,258,000	Annual income from other sources and miscellaneous expenditures are estimated.
New Jersey	1,298,579	941,117	2,239,696	31,769	40,000		2,311,465		548,869	750	28,770	1,731,816	30,780	2,340,985	6	10	18			1,210,882		6,287,267
New York	2,711,635	8,124,128	10,835,763	170,000	165,000	430,493	11,601,256	25,335	1,927,467	254,460		7,849,667	1,569,662	11,601,256						3,080,107	3,080,107	29,928,626
North Carolina			212,363		63,301	133,130	408,794		25,100			158,129	8,445	191,674						2,187,564			Total annual income, annual expenditures, and amount of available school fund are from 1873.
Ohio	1,560,398	6,153,442	7,713,840	238,002	489,408	270,161	8,711,411	12,478	1,313,515		158,773	4,787,964	1,391,704	7,651,956	8	11	17	8	10		3,646,713	19,876,504
Oregon	30,273		30,273	56,400			86,673	60,000	2,625	500	2,600			5,125						564,000	1,314,000	350,000
Pennsylvania		7,798,816	7,798,816			1,000,000	8,798,816	240,000	2,059,465		100,050	4,640,825	2,557,587	9,363,927								24,200,789
Rhode Island	70,402	614,383	684,785	22,092	10,286	44,633	761,796	1,810	274,326	1,509	11,681	383,284	77,059	747,859	9	13	19	10	15	250,376	265,142	2,360,017	Total annual expenditures does not include $16,784 for evening schools.
South Carolina	303,443	130,721	434,164			55,378	489,542		16,851	5,371		369,685	34,554	426,461	2	4		2		489,542		313,289
Tennessee	212,840	360,370	573,210			152,188	740,316	0	44,406		19,385	582,918	42,420	703,358	2	4	5				2,512,506		Total annual income includes $14,918 from sources not reported; total expenditures include $14,229 from sources not reported.
Texas			244,879				244,879		60,081		9,233	630,334	26,588	726,236		1	2						Per capita expenses are monthly.
Vermont		476,107	476,107	40,145			516,252		89,789		12,643	440,536	82,089	625,057	7	9	13	10	11		669,086	1,339,864
Virginia	452,220	620,411	1,072,631	65,490		77,232	1,215,353		94,582	2,696	48,668	726,300	151,150	1,023,396	2	5	9	3	3	1,430,645	1,430,645	757,181
West Virginia	194,791	541,090	735,881	17,596			753,477	9,691	121,047	2,797	2,500	541,359	47,457	715,160	3	5	7			293,270	325,243	1,695,627
Wisconsin	0	1,879,409	1,879,499	178,072	50,000	200,616	2,308,187	58,417	344,273	27,223	50,000	1,350,884	241,777	2,014,157	4	6				2,624,239		4,979,169
Arizona	4,690	9,232	13,922			14,837	28,759							24,151	10	42	58					20,000
Colorado		240,719	240,719		6,460	7,500	254,679		76,215		7,500	102,783	31,815	218,313	9	17	30			254,679		474,008
Dakota	13,138	15,512	28,650			3,852	32,602		9,985			18,046	4,572	32,603	4	7						24,926
District of Columbia	0	410,678	410,678	0	0	106,932	517,610	0	61,123	0	9,520	209,368	86,568	366,579	12	20	27	13	15	0	0	1,114,162
Idaho	0		0								0
Montana	0	31,211	31,211	0	0	610	31,821		28,296	500	4,500	33,921		67,147	8	14	19	14	15	0	0	60,000
New Mexico							25,473					15,432	3,458	18,890
Utah	15,000	20,267	35,267			95,532	130,799		49,568		3,450	130,800		183,818	5	10	14	6	8	15,000		438,665
Washington												54,720		54,720						53,557
Wyoming												16,400		16,400								32,500	Value of physical plant is for school-houses.
Indian							99,929
States and Territories	Annual income from state tax	Annual income from local tax	Total income from taxation	Interest on permanent fund including rent on school lands	Revenue from other funds	Annual income from other sources	Total income	Increase of permanent fund in the school fund	Permanent fund expenditures for sites, buildings, furniture	Permanent fund expenditures for libraries and apparatus	Current expenses for superintendent salaries	Current expenses for teacher salaries	Current expenses for misc.	Total annual expenditures	Expenses per capita of the school population	Expenses per capita of pupils enrolled in public schools	Expenses per capita of average attendance in public schools	Expenses per capita of population 6 to 16	Expenses per capita of pop. 6 to 16 inc. interest on property	Amount of available school fund	Amount of permanent school fund	Estimated real value of sites, buildings, other school property	Notes

Source: “Table I.—Part 2.—Statistics of the school systems of the States and Territories, showing the income, expenditure, and permanent school fund; from replies by the United States Bureau of Education,” United States Department of Interior, Report of the Commissioner of Education (Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 1876), 552 – 555.