1890 Kindergartens Dataset

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Public Kindergartens

1890 Public Kindergartens

State Name	City	Date of establishment	Number of kindergartens	Number of teachers	Number of pupils	Notes
Alabama	Troy	1891	1	3	20	Housed at state normal school
California	Los Angeles	1890	13	21	462
California	National City	1890	1	3	74
California	Riverside	1891	1	1	29
California	San Diego	1891	5	12	273
California	San Jose	1889	2	6	320
Colorado	Fort Collins	1880	2	3	125
Colorado	Colorado Springs		2	7	140	enrollment is estimated
Colorado	Denver (District No. 2)		2	2	100
Colorado	Pueblo (District No. 20)		8	8	227
Connecticut	Bristol	1890	3	7	142
Connecticut	Greenwich	1889	2	2	80
Connecticut	Hartford	1885	3	15	565
Connecticut	Manchester	1891	1	6	153
Connecticut	New Britain		3	11	308	One of these is connected with the state normal school.
Connecticut	New Haven	1885	3	5	167
Connecticut	Rockville		1	1	20
Connecticut	South Manchester	1890	1	5	162	Connected with the state normal school
Connecticut	Willimantic	1891	2	3	58	One of these is connected with the state normal school.
Georgia	Athens		2	6	175
Georgia	Augusta		3	5	145
Illinois	Buda	1891	1	1	50
Illinois	Englewood	1881	1	5	65	In the Cook County Normal School
Illinois	Evanston	1892	1	4	60
Illinois	Lincoln	1888	2	2	60
Illinois	Morgan Park	1891	1	3	35
Illinois	Riverside	1890	1	2	40
Illinois	Rockford		1	3	28
Indiana	Attica	1892	1	1	30
Indiana	La Porte	1887	3	3	69
Indiana	Peru	1891	1	2	32
Indiana	Richmond		1	1	79
Iowa	Des Moines (west side)	1884	7	25	565
Iowa	Des Maines (north side)		4	10	210	Teachers and enrollment estimated
Iowa	Grinnell	1890	1	3	70
Iowa	Jefferson		1	2	80
Iowa	Lyons	1885	1	1	30
Iowa	Marshalltown		2	4	82
Iowa	Oskaloosa	1890	2	4	64
Iowa	Sibley	1885	1	1	51
Iowa	Waverly	1888	1	3	63
Kansas	Atchison	1887	1	1	39	In the Soldiers' Orphan Home, an institution supported by the state.
Kansas	Burlingame	1889	1	1	30
Kansas	Emporia	1883	1	1	50	Connected with the state normal school
Kansas	Eureka		3	3	95
Kentucky	Frankford	1891	1	2	102
Kentucky	Lexington	1891	2	2	237
Louisiana	New Orleans	1891	4	10	265
Maine	Portland		1	1	25
Massachusetts	Boston		31	56	2,000	Enrollment is estimated.
Massachusetts	Brookline	1888	3	6	169
Massachusetts	Cambridge		6	11	393
Massachusetts	Clinton		1	1	20
Massachusetts	North Easton	1885	1	2	29
Massachusetts	Palmer		1	1	22
Massachusetts	Somerville		3	5	213
Massachusetts	Watertown	1886	9	9	327
Massachusetts	Westfield	1891	1	2	25	Connected with the state normal school
Michigan	Coldwater		1	2	35	Supported by the state
Michigan	Crystal Falls	1891	1	2	60
Michigan	Grand Rapids	1888	2	4	128
Michigan	Ionia	1880	3	3	30
Michigan	Lansing		3	6	100
Michigan	Mount Clemens	1891	3	3	75
Michigan	Muskegon	1886	8	18	744
Michigan	Saginaw (east side)	1892	1	4	50
Michigan	Traverse City	1891	3	3	150
Michigan	Ypsilanti	1889	1	1	40	In the state normal school
Minnesota	Owatonna	1889	1	2	40	Supported by the state
Minnesota	Red Wing	1891	4	8	400
Minnesota	Rochester	1891	1	4	75
Minnesota	St. Paul	1892	1	1	67
Minnesota	Winona		1	1	51
Mississippi	Greenville	1891	1	1	60
Mississippi	Natchez		1	1	32
Missouri	Kansas City	1891	1	2	60
Missouri	St. Louis		82	259	6,830	Thirty-four "voluntary teachers" are without salaries.
Nebraska	Omaha	1892	2	4	149
Nebraska	Red Cloud		1	1	20	Enrollment and teachers estimated
New Hampshire	Concord	1891	1	1	27
New Hampshire	Plymouth	1888	1	1	28	Supported by the state
New Jersey	Carlstadt		1	1	60
New Jersey	East Orange	1886	4	4	150
New Jersey	Newark	1890	1	1	32
New Jersey	Passaic		3	3	157
New Jersey	Patterson		7	7	420
New Jersey	Trenton		2	2	93
New York	Albany		17	17	724
New York	Buffalo		1	1	51
New York	Cohoes		1	1	26
New York	Gloversville		3	3	369
New York	Lansingburg	1889	2	4	127
New York	Mount Vernon		2	4	70
New York	New Rochelle	1885	1	1	36
New York	New York	1886	2	7	105	One of these kindergartens is in the Institution for the Improved Instruction of Deaf Mutes and the other is in the Normal School for Girls.
New York	Niagara Falls	1890	1	1	30
New York	North Tonawanda		2	2	80
New York	Nyack	1891	1	3	139
New York	Patchogue	1887	1	1	78
New York	Piermont	1888	1	1	49
New York	Port Chester	1887	2	4	160
New York	Rochester	1887	5	21	495
New York	Tonawanda	1890	1	1	71
New York	Utica	1891	1	2	72
New York	White Plains	1888	1	1	40
Ohio	Alliance	1887	1	1	32	In the Fairmount Children's Home
Ohio	Camden		1	1	30
Ohio	Columbus	1881	1	1	47	In the Franklin County Children's Home
Ohio	Navarre	1880	1	1	70
Ohio	New Richmond	1880	1	1	40
Ohio	Newark		1	2	24
Ohio	Riverside	1885	1	2	70
Pennsylvania	Bridesburg	1890	1	2	100
Pennsylvania	Philadelphia		41	65	2,580
Pennsylvania	Phoenixville		2	2	84
Pennsylvania	Tyrone	1888	1	2	85
Rhode Island	Newport	1882	2	4	176
Rhode Island	Pawtucket	1889	1	1	55
Rhode Island	Providence	1885	3	5	135
South Carolina	Charleston		1	7	412
Texas	Austin	1885	1	1	27	In the Texas Institute for the Blind
Texas	Corsicana	1891	1	1	40	In the State Orphans' Home
Wisconsin	Ashland		1	2	45
Wisconsin	Berlin	1889	2	2	85
Wisconsin	Burlington	1888	1	2	34
Wisconsin	Delavan	1887	1	1	90
Wisconsin	Elkhorn	1891	1	1	54
Wisconsin	Hayward	1889	1	2	40
Wisconsin	Janesville	1884	2	2	100	In addition, there is one school housed in the Wisconsin School for the Blind with one teacher and 26 pupils
Wisconsin	Manitowoc	1874	1	1	35
Wisconsin	Milwaukee	1886	25	49	3,834	In addition, there is one school housed in the Wisconsin Industrial School with two teachers and 28 students.
Wisconsin	Oshkosh	1881	1	2	20	In the state normal school
Wisconsin	Sheboygan		4	12	652
Wisconsin	Superior	1890	1	2	50
Wisconsin	Tomahawk	1891	1	1	60
State Name	City	Date of establishment	Number of kindergartens	Number of teachers	Number of pupils	Notes

Source: “Table I.—Public kindergartens,” United States Department of the Interior, Report of the Commissioner of Education for the Year 1890-91, vol.2 (Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 1894), 1155 – 1157.

Kindergarten Associations

1890 Kindergarten Associations

State Name	City	Name of association	Date of establishment	Number of kindergartens	Number of teachers	Number of pupils	Notes
California	Oakland	Goodwill Kindergarten Association
California	Oakland	Oakland Free Kindergarten Association
California	Oakland	M.E. Church Association
California	San Francisco	Pioneer Kindergarten Association	1878	4	9	293
California	Sacramento	Sacramento Free Kindergarten Association	1889	3	6	150
California	Sacramento	Froebel Kindergarten Association
California	Sacramento	Marguerita Kindergarten Association	1886	1	2	54
California	San Francisco	Christian Science Home Association	1890	1	2	40
California	San Francisco	Silver Street Kindergarten Association	1882	3	11	225
California	San Francisco	Golden Gate Kindergarten Association	1879	32	58	2,637
California	San Francisco	The Occidental Kindergarten Association	1879	1	3	90
California	San Francisco	Buford Free Kindergarten Association		1	2	75
California	Santa Barbara	Santa Barbara Kindergarten Association	1888	1	2	60
Colorado	Colorado Springs	Colorado Springs Kindergarten Association	1890	3	6	290
Colorado	Denver	Denver Free Kindergarten Association	1889	7	7	450
Connecticut	New Haven	New Haven Association for Kindergartners		0
Delaware	Wilmington	Kindergarten Association of Friends	1890	1	2	12
Illinois	Belleville	Belleville Kindergarten Association	1870	1	2	54
Illinois	Chicago	Chicago Kindergarten College	1876	18	48	602
Illinois	Chicago	Chicago Free Kindergarten Association	1881	19	110	1,877
Illinois	Chicago	Chicago Froebel Association	1879	14	60	900
Illinois	Chicago	German Froebel Kindergarten Association	1891	1	2	30
Illinois	Chicago	Drexel Kindergarten Association		1	5	45
Illinois	Chicago	Jewish Training School Association
Illinois	Elgin	Elgin Free Kindergarten Association
Illinois	Evanston	Free Kindergarten Association
Illinois	Freeport	Marie Louise Institute Association	1890	1	1	10
Illinois	Galesburg	Galesburg Free Kindergarten Association	1891	1	2	115
Illinois	Oak Park	Oak Park Free Kindergarten Association	1890	1	2	30
Illinois	Ottawa	Ottawa Kindergarten Association	1891	1	1	20
Illinois	Peoria	King's Daughters Kindergarten Association	1892	1	3	41
Illinois	Pontiac	Pontiac Free Kindergarten Association	1889	1	2	30
Illinois	Princeton	Princeton Kindergarten Association	1890	1	2	31
Illinois	Quincy	First Congregational Church Kindergarten Association	1877	2	6	80
Illinois	Rockford	Rockford Public Kindergarten Association
Illinois	Streator	Kindergarten Association
Indiana	Indianapolis	Indianapolis Free Kindergarten Association	1884	8	83	2,161
Indiana	New Albany	New Albany Free Kindergarten Association	1889	1	3	45
Indiana	Rome City	Island Park Assembly Association	1880	1	2	40
Indiana	West Indianapolis	West Indianapolis Kindergarten Association	1891	3	6	140
Iowa	Humboldt	Humboldt Kindergarten Association		1	3	20
Kentucky	Anchorage	Anchorage Kindergarten Association	1891	1	1	13
Kentucky	Louisville	Louisville Free Kindergarten Association	1887	8	43	600
Kentucky	Versailles	Versailles Kindergarten Association	1892	1	2	50
Louisiana	New Orleans	Jewish Orphan's Home, Kindergarten Association	1883	1	2	30
Maine	Bangor	Bangor Free Kindergarten Association	1891	1	1	33	Instruction is "with assistants from normal class"
Maine	Portland	Woman's C.T.U. Kindergarten Association	1891	1	1	20
Maryland	Baltimore	Baltimore Kindergarten Association	1888	0	0	0	Founded in 1888, "for mutual support and study."
Massachusetts	Boston	Eastern Kindergarten Association	1889	0	0	0	Founded in 1888, "for mutual support and study."
Massachusetts	Danvers	Woman's Friend Kindergarten Association
Massachusetts	Fall River	Fall River Free Kindergarten Association	1891	1	2	50
Massachusetts	Florence	Florence Kindergarten Association	1876	1	8	106
Massachusetts	Gardner	Gardner Kindergarten Association	1891	1	1	16
Massachusetts	Roxbury	Elm Hill Association	1887	1	1	6
Michigan	Detroit	Detroit Industrial School Association	1861	2	11	110
Michigan	Grand Rapids	Grand Rapids Kindergarten Association	1891	3	3	65
Michigan	Lansing	Young Woman's Christian Association	1888	1		150
Michigan	Manistee	Manistee Kindergarten Association
Michigan	Saginaw	Saginaw Kindergarten Association
Minnesota	Minneapolis	Free Kindergarten Association
Minnesota	St. Paul	Free Kindergarten Association	1888	4	4	200
Missouri	St. Louis	Froebel Association
Montana	Philipsburg	Philipsburg Kindergarten Society
Nebraska	Neligh	Neligh Kindergarten Association
Nebraska	Omaha	Omaha Free Kindergarten Association	1891	1	4	84
New Jersey	Moorestown	Society of Friends Kindergarten Association
New Jersey	Newark	Newark Street German-English School Association
New York	Albany	Albany Kindergarten Teachers' Association	1891	0	0	0
New York	Albany	Albany Woman's Christian Temperance Union Association	1889	1	2	87
New York	Brooklyn	Brooklyn Kindergarten Association
New York	Brooklyn	Brooklyn Guild Kindergarten Association
New York	Buffalo	Buffalo Free Kindergarten Association	1891	4	34	190
New York	College Point	The Conrad Poppenhusen Association
New York	Dunkirk	Educational department, Woman's Educational and Industrial Union	1891	1	2	55
New York	Geneseo	Geneseo Free Kindergarten Association	1891	1	2	30
New York	Ithaca	Ithaca Kindergarten Association
New York	Jamestown	Jamestown Free Kindergarten, Dept. Y.W.C.A.	1891	1	2	23
New York	Mamaroneck	Mamaroneck Free Kindergarten Association	1891	1	2	40
New York	New York	Children's Aid Society	1885	2	5	250
New York	New York	Children's Charitable Union Kindergarten Association	1877	1	2	85
New York	New York	German-American School Association of the Nineteenth Ward
New York	New York	Hebrew Free School Association	1883		4	90
New York	New York	New York Kindergarten Association	1889	6	12	300
New York	New York	Trinity Church Kindergarten Association
New York	New York	Union Relief Works Society of Ethical Culture	1876	1	2	100
North Carolina	Ashville	Ashville Free Kindergarten Association	1889	4	9	135
Ohio	Cincinnati	Cincinnati Kindergarten Association	1879	6	30	673	Instructors are estimated
Ohio	Cleveland	Day Nursery and Kindergarten Association	1882	5	5	335
Ohio	Cleveland	Jewish Orphan Asylum Association
Ohio	Columbus	Columbus Kindergarten Association of Woman's Educational and Industrial Union	1887	7	17	200
Ohio	Elyria	Elyria Kindergarten Association
Ohio	Republic	Republic Kindergarten Association
Ohio	Salem	Salem Kindergarten Association	1891	1	6	85
Ohio	Youngstown	Youngstown Free Kindergarten Association
Oregon	Portland	Portland Free Kindergarten Association	1884	4	10	210
Oregon	Salem	Salem Kindergarten Association
Pennsylvania	Altoona	Altoona Free Kindergarten Association
Pennsylvania	Oil City	Oil City Kindergarten Association (and Training School)
Pennsylvania	Philadelphia	Bedford Street Mission Kindergarten
Pennsylvania	Philadelphia	Baptist Orphanage Kindergarten Association
Pennsylvania	Philadelphia	Jewish Foster Home and Orphan Asylum
Pennsylvania	Philadelphia	Northern Day Nursey Kindergarten Association
Rhode Island	Providence	Free Kindergarten Association
Rhode Island	Providence	St. John's Guild Kindergarten Association
Tennessee	Chattanooga	Chattanooga Free Kindergarten Association	1890	3	6	200
Tennessee	Knoxville	Knoxville King's Daughters Association
Tennessee	Memphis	Free Kindergarten Association
Tennessee	Nashville	Nashville Free Kindergarten Association	1890	3	12	115
Texas	El Paso	El Paso Kindergarten Association
Virginia	Richmond	Woman's Christian Association
Washington	Walla Walla	Walla Walla Kindergarten Association	1891	1	2	28
Wisconsin	La Crosse	German Kindergarten Association	1879	1	1	27
Wisconsin	Milwaukee	Milwaukee Mission Kindergarten Association	1884	5	6
Wisconsin	Milwaukee	Southside Kindergarten Association	1864	1	3	53
Wisconsin	Racine	Racine Kindergarten Association
State Name	City	Name of association	Date of establishment	Number of kindergartens	Number of teachers	Number of pupils	Notes

Source: “Table II.—Kindergarten Associations,” United States Department of the Interior, Report of the Commissioner of Education for the Year 1890-91, vol.2 (Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 1894), 1157 – 1160.

Kindergarten Training and Classes

1890 Training Schools and Classes for Kindergartens

State Name	City	Name of school or class	Date of establishment	Number of instructors	Number of students	Means of support	Notes
California	Los Angeles	Los Angeles Training School for Kindergartners	1890	2	20	Tuition fees
California	Oakland	Oakland Kindergarten Training Class	1892	1	6	Tuition fees
California	San Diego	San Diego Kindergarten Training School	1888	2	10	Tuition fees
California	San Francisco	California Kindergarten Training School	1880	4	40	Tuition fees
California	San Francisco	Golden Gate Kindergarten Training Class	1891	1	34	Golden Gate Kindergarten Association
California	San Jose	San Jose Kindergarten Training School
California	San Jose	California School of Methods for Teachers and Kindergartners	1891	3	15	Public funds
Colorado	Denver	Colorado Kindergarten Normal School	1890	6		Tuition fees
Colorado	Denver	Kindergarten Normal School of Colorado	1890	3	32	Denver Kindergarten Association
Colorado	Greeley	Kindergarten Department of the State Normal School
Connecticut	New Britain	Kindergarten Training Class of Connecticut State Normal School	1884	5		Public funds
Connecticut	New Haven	Kindergarten of the Welsh Training School	1885	5	6	Public funds
District of Columbia	Washington DC	Elizabeth Peabody Normal Training School for Kindergartners
District of Columbia	Washington DC	National Kindergarten Normal Institute
District of Columbia	Washington DC	Froebel Normal Institute, graded school and kindergarten	1875	5	15	Tuition fees
Illinois	Chicago	Chicago Kindergarten College Training Class
Illinois	Chicago	Chicago Free Kindergarten Normal Training Class	1881	6	62	Chicago Free Kindergarten Association
Illinois	Chicago	Froebel Association Training School	1881	8	30	Froebel Association
Illinois	Galesburg	Galesburg Kindergarten Normal	1879	3	20	Tuition fees
Indiana	Indianapolis	Indiana Kindergarten and Primary Normal Training School	1882	31	123	Free Kindergarten Association
Indiana	La Porte	Mrs. Hailmann's Training School for Kindergartners	1876	4	25	Tuition fees
Indiana	Des Moines	Kindergarten Special Training Department, Highland Park College	1890	5	26	Contributions
Kansas	Emporia	Kindergarten State Normal School	1882	1		Public funds	Lists pupils ranging 6 - 30
Kansas	Topeka	Topeka Training School for Kindergartners
Kentucky	Lexington	Lexington Kindergarten Training Class	1891	1	15	Public funds
Kentucky	Louisville	Louisville Free Kindergarten Training Class
Kentucky	Madisonville	Hopkins College and Training School	1891	2	6	Tuition fees
Kentucky	Versailles	Versailles Free Kindergarten Training School	1891	2		Contributions
Maryland	Baltimore	Froebel Normal Training Class	1889	1	11	Tuition fees
Massachusetts	Boston	Mrs. Brown's Kindergarten Normal Class	1884	1	6	Tuition fees
Massachusetts	Boston	Chauncy Hall Training Class
Massachusetts	Boston	Cushman Training School	1884	1	16	Tuition fees
Massachusetts	Springfield	Springfield Normal Kindergarten
Michigan	Alma	Alma College Kindergarten Training Department	1888	2		Alma College
Michigan	Detroit	Normal Training School for the Industrial School Association	1892	1	9	Industrial School Association
Michigan	Grand Rapids	Kindergarten Training School	1891	2	27	Grand Rapids Kindergarten Association
Michigan	Grand Rapids	Normal Training Class of Western Michigan College
Michigan	Lansing	Normal Kindergarten Training School (Y.W.C.A.)	1888	1	10	Y.W.C. Association
Michigan	Muskegon	City Training School
Minnesota	Minneapolis	Froebel Institute
Minnesota	St. Paul	St. Paul Training School for Kindergartners	1890	2	10	Tuition fees
Minnesota	Winona	Kindergarten Department, State Normal School	1880	1		Tuition fees
Nebraska	Lincoln	Kindergarten Department of Western Normal College
New York	Albany	Albany Kindergarten Training Class	1890	3	12	Albany W.C.T.U.
New York	Albany	Kindergarten Training Class of the State Normal College
New York	Brooklyn	Mrs. George E. Orton's Kindergarten and Training Class	1881	1	9	Tuition fees
New York	Brooklyn	Kindergarten Training Department of Pratt Institute
New York	Buffalo	Buffalo Free Kindergarten Training School	1891	6	34	Free Kindergarten Association
New York	Chautauqua	Chautauqua Kindergarten Training School	1882	2	15	Tuition fees
New York	New York	Normal Class of the Free Kindergarten of All Souls' Church	1878	3	30	All Souls' Church
New York	New York	Children's Charitable Union Training School	1877	1	6	Contributions
New York	New York	New York College for the Training of Teachers	1887	3		Tuition fees
New York	New York	Miss Jenny Hunter's Training Class	1882	2	12	Tuition fees
New York	New York	Kindergarten of the Training Department of the Normal College	1887	1	6	Public funds
New York	New York	Workingman's School, Department of Kindergarten	1876	2	18	Union Relief Works Society of Ethical Culture
New York	Oswego	Oswego State Normal and Training School	1882	2	13	State Normal and Training School
New York	Rochester	St. Andrew's Kindergarten and Training School	1890	6	4	St. Andrew's Parish
North Carolina	Asheville	Asheville Kindergarten Training Class	1890	2	1	Contributions
Ohio	Cincinnati	Free Training Class for Kindergartners	1879	8	16	Contributions
Ohio	Cleveland	Cleveland Training School for Kindergartners	1889	1	20	Tuition fees
Ohio	Columbus	Columbus Kindergarten Training Class	1888	6	18	Contributions
Ohio	Toledo	The Misses Law Froebel Training School	1883	3	5	Tuition fees
Oregon	Portland	Oregon Kindergarten Training School
Pennsylvania	Altoona	Private Kindergarten and Training Class	1891	2	3	Tuition fees
Pennsylvania	Philadelphia	Mrs. Gourlay's Kindergarten Training Class	1880	4	15	Tuition fees
Pennsylvania	Philadelphia	Miss Stewart's School for Kindergartners and Teachers	1890	3	24	Tuition fees
Pennsylvania	Philadelphia	Philadelphia Training School for Kindergartners
Pennsylvania	Philadelphia	Normal School, Kindergarten Department
Rhode Island	Providence	Rhode Island Normal Training School	1876	9	18	Tuition fees
Tennessee	Chattanooga	Chattanooga Training School for Kindergartners	1890	6		Subscription
Tennessee	Memphis	Miss Wheatley's Normal Training School for Kindergartners
Tennessee	Nashville	Normal Training Class	1890	3
Vermont	Montpelier	The Montpelier Kindergarten and Training School	1884	2		Tuition fees
Wisconsin	Hillsdale	Hillsdale Home School and Training Department	1883	3	4	Tuition fees
Wisconsin	Milwaukee	Milwaukee Public Kindergarten Training Department	1883	1	20	Public funds
Wisconsin	Milwaukee	Milwaukee Mission Kindergarten Normal Training Class	1884	1	4	Tuition fees
State Name	City	Name of school or class	Date of establishment	Number of instructors	Number of students	Means of support	Notes

Source: “Table III.—Training schools and classes for kindergartens,” United States Department of the Interior, Report of the Commissioner of Education for the Year 1890-91, vol.2 (Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 1894), 1160 – 1163.