1895-96 Women's Colleges A and B Dataset
Division A
1895-96 Women’s Colleges Division A
City | State | Institution | President | Year of opening | Religious denomination controlling | Male professors and instructors - preparatory department | Female professors and instructors - preparatory department | Male professors and instructors - collegiate department | Female professors and instructors - collegiate department | Total male faculty | Total female faculty | Preparatory students | Collegiate students | Graduate students | Total number of students | Number of fellowships | Number of scholarships | Bound volumes in library | Pamphlets in library | Value of scientific apparatus and library | Vale of grounds and buildings | Amount of productive funds | Income from productive funds | Income from tuition fees | Income from other sources | Total income | Benefactions | Amount of property, endowment, and funds from private sources | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mills College | California | Mills College | Mrs. C.T. Mills | 1871 | Nonsectarian | 0 | 3 | 4 | 17 | 4 | 17 | 41 | 22 | 0 | 120 | 0 | 15 | 5,000 | 10,000 | 400,000 | 75,000 | 3,105 | 54,300 | 57,405 | |||||
Rockford | Illinois | Rockford College | Sarah F. Anderson | 1849 | Nonsectarian | 0 | 8 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 18 | 175 | 33 | 1 | 225 | 4 | 5,850 | 250 | 10,000 | 125,000 | 51,317 | 2,136 | 33,478 | 2,641 | 38,255 | 1,355 | |||
Baltimore | Maryland | Woman's College of Baltimore | John F. Goucher, D.D. | 1888 | Methodist Episcopal | 0 | 0 | 13 | 14 | 13 | 14 | 0 | 226 | 5 | 231 | 7,000 | 1,500 | 45,000 | 686,000 | 380,000 | 21,146 | 22,375 | 15,000 | 58,521 | 55,000 | 1,111,000 | |||
Cambridge | Massachusetts | Radcliffe College | Miss Agnes Irwin, dean | 1879 | Nonsectarian | 0 | 0 | 94 | 0 | 94 | 0 | 0 | 314 | 44 | 358 | 0 | 5 | 9,650 | 12,000 | 75,000 | 235,000 | 10,300 | 55,000 | 65,300 | 8,160 | 310,000 | |||
Northampton | Massachusetts | Smith College | L. Clark Seelye, D.D. | 1875 | Nonsectarian | 0 | 0 | 13 | 41 | 13 | 41 | 0 | 875 | 875 | 1 | 100 | 6,000 | 27,249 | 649,188 | 595,698 | 42,310 | 93,518 | 33,785 | 169,613 | 40,040 | 1,382,333 | |||
South Hadley | Massachusetts | Mount Holyoke College | Mrs. E.S. Mead, A.M. | 1837 | Nonsectarian | 0 | 0 | 0 | 36 | 0 | 36 | 0 | 331 | 331 | 16,000 | 42,733 | 335,062 | 241,675 | 13,251 | 74,071 | 87,322 | 54,411 | |||||||
Wellesley | Massachusetts | Wellesley College | Mrs. Julia J. Irvine | 1875 | Nonsectarian | 0 | 0 | 8 | 69 | 8 | 69 | 0 | 759 | 45 | 804 | 0 | 29 | 46,666 | 100,000 | 1,107,800 | 121,257 | 4,110 | 212,855 | 0 | 216,965 | 107,000 | 1,429,057 | ||
Princeton | New Jersey | Evelyn College | 1887 | Nonsectarian | 0 | 6 | 16 | 5 | 16 | 5 | 15 | 20 | 0 | 35 | 0 | 3 | 2,000 | 500 | 25,000 | 8,000 | 8,000 | Statistics of 1894-95 | |||||||
Aurora | New York | Wells College | William E. Waters, Ph.D. | 1868 | Nonsectarian | 0 | 3 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 21 | 8 | 76 | 84 | 10 | 5,612 | 300 | 5,000 | 190,000 | 200,000 | 9,283 | 8,300 | 25,755 | 43,338 | 10,110 | 200,000 | |||
Elmira | New York | Elmira College | A.C. McKenzie, D.D. | 1855 | Presbyterian | 0 | 0 | 4 | 14 | 4 | 14 | 0 | 98 | 158 | 3 | 6,000 | 30,000 | 182,000 | 73,000 | 3,000 | 25,244 | 28,244 | 10,000 | 265,000 | |||||
New York | New York | Barnard College | Emily James Smith, dean | 1889 | Nonsectarian | 0 | 0 | 28 | 2 | 28 | 2 | 0 | 81 | 35 | 147 | 0 | 3 | 750 | 100 | 55,700 | 594 | 17,000 | 17,594 | ||||||
Poughkeepsie | New York | Vassar College | James M. Taylor, D.D. | 1865 | Nonsectarian | 0 | 0 | 12 | 40 | 12 | 40 | 0 | 533 | 10 | 543 | 1 | 7 | 24,132 | 163,709 | 823,917 | 1,031,223 | 61,293 | 57,832 | 163,413 | 282,538 | 15,500 | 2,018,849 | ||
Bryn Mawr | Pennsylvania | Bryn Mawr College | M. Carey Thomas, Ph.D. | 1885 | Nonsectarian | 0 | 0 | 21 | 11 | 21 | 11 | 0 | 243 | 52 | 298 | 14 | 23 | 22,852 | 7,000 | 70,000 | 814,905 | 1,250,000 | 52,788 | 29,800 | 5,000 | 87,588 | 29,759 | 2,064,905 | |
Lynchburg | Virginia | Randolph-Macon Woman's College | W.W. Smith, LL.D. | 1893 | Methodist Episcopal South | 8 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 15 | 104 | 119 | 0 | 12 | 1,000 | 2,500 | 115,452 | 102,667 | 5,750 | 11,200 | 12,300 | 29,250 | 8,210 | 218,119 | |||||
City | State | Institution | President | Year of opening | Religious denomination controlling | Male professors and instructors - preparatory department | Female professors and instructors - preparatory department | Male professors and instructors - collegiate department | Female professors and instructors - collegiate department | Total male faculty | Total female faculty | Preparatory students | Collegiate students | Graduate students | Total number of students | Number of fellowships | Number of scholarships | Bound volumes in library | Pamphlets in library | Value of scientific apparatus and library | Vale of grounds and buildings | Amount of productive funds | Income from productive funds | Income from tuition fees | Income from other sources | Total income | Benefactions | Amount of property, endowment, and funds from private sources | Notes |
Note: Between 1887 and 1910, the Bureau of Education categorized women’s institutions as Division A or Division B. The Bureau described Division A institutions as “essentially collegiate…making more or less provision for the distinctive studies of the college curriculum” in contrast to the Division B schools that featured some collegiate courses alongside primary and preparatory training. Division A colleges tended to boast more substantial libraries, equipment, and endowments.
Source: “Table 9.— Statistics of colleges for women, Division A,” United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Education, Report of the Commissioner of Education for the Year 1895–96, v. 2 (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1897), 1994 – 1995.
Division B
1895-96 Women's Colleges Division B
City | State | Institution | President | Religious denomination controlling | Year of opening | Male professors and instructors | Female professors and instructors | Primary students | Preparatory students | Collegiate students | Graduate students | Total number of students | Students graduated in 1896 | Volumes in library | Value of scientific apparatus and library | Vale of grounds and buildings | Amount of productive funds | Income from productive funds | Income from tuition fees | Income from State or municipal appropriation | Income from other sources | Total income | Benefactions | Value of property, endowment, and funds from private sources | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Athens | Alabama | Athens Female College | Z.A. Parker | Methodist Episcopal | 1842 | 1 | 13 | 24 | 125 | 1 | 150 | 12 | 275 | 400 | 30,000 | 0 | 0 | 2,500 | 0 | 5,500 | 8,000 | 2,500 | |||
Bailey Springs | Alabama | Bailey Springs University | Henry A. Moody, M.D. | Nonsectarian | 1893 | 2 | 5 | 0 | 11 | 19 | 0 | 30 | 0 | 250 | 300 | 20,000 | 4,000 | 2,000 | 6,000 | 0 | |||||
East Lake | Alabama | East Lake Atheneum | J.B. Cumming | Nonsectarian | 1890 | 1 | 10 | 187 | 21 | 500 | 30,000 | 7,500 | 7,500 | ||||||||||||
Eufaula | Alabama | Union Female College | T.J. Simmons, A.M. | Nonsectarian | 1853 | 2 | 10 | 20 | 22 | 30 | 87 | 4 | 2,000 | 3,000 | 15,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | ||||||||
Florence | Alabama | Synodical Female College | A.H. Todd | Nonsectarian | 1845 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 8 | 25 | 39 | 6 | 631 | 5,000 | 0 | ||||||||||
Gadsden | Alabama | Jones College for Young Ladies | A.B. Jones, D.D., LL.D. | Methodist Episcopal South | 1850 | 1 | 16 | 13 | 110 | 123 | 22 | 4,368 | 2,500 | 75,000 | 0 | 35,000 | 35,000 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
Marion | Alabama | Judson Female Institute | S.W. Averett, LL.D. | Baptist | 1839 | 2 | 8 | 106 | 10 | 1,200 | 70,000 | 0 | 18,000 | 18,000 | |||||||||||
Marion | Alabama | Marion Female Seminary | Jas. D. Wade, A.M. | Nonsectarian | 1836 | 1 | 7 | 15 | 20 | 45 | 80 | 4 | 500 | 600 | 20,000 | ||||||||||
Talladega | Alabama | Isbell College | George R. McNeill, Ph.D. | Presbyterian | 1849 | 1 | 6 | 14 | 15 | 60 | 89 | 2 | 400 | 300 | 20,000 | 3,000 | 3,000 | 0 | 25,000 | ||||||
Tuscaloosa | Alabama | Central Female College | E.H. Murfee | Baptist | 1857 | 2 | 7 | 14 | 23 | 106 | 2 | 145 | 5 | 200 | 250 | 100,000 | Statistics of 1894-95 | ||||||||
Tuscaloosa | Alabama | Tuscaloosa Female College | John D. Simpson | Methodist Episcopal South | 1860 | 0 | 10 | 38 | 36 | 121 | 2 | 197 | 9 | 0 | 1,000 | 20,000 | 0 | 0 | 9,000 | 0 | 0 | 9,000 | 0 | 0 | |
Tuskegee | Alabama | Alabama Conference Female College | John Massey, LL.D. | Methodist Episcopal | 1855 | 8 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 159 | 6 | 190 | 37 | 2,500 | 1,000 | 85,000 | 0 | 0 | 19,000 | 0 | 0 | 19,000 | 0 | 0 | |
Conway | Arkansas | Central Baptist College | J.G. Lile | Baptist | 1892 | 1 | 10 | 25 | 50 | 50 | 0 | 125 | 4 | 500 | 300 | 25,000 | 0 | 0 | 3,500 | 0 | 2,500 | 6,000 | 0 | 2,500 | |
San Jose | California | College of Notre Dame | Sister Mary Bernardine | Catholic | 1851 | 1 | 21 | 25 | 51 | 9 | 2 | 88 | 4 | 5,000 | 20,000 | 185,000 | 30,000 | 0 | 30,000 | 10,000 | |||||
Athens | Georgia | Lucy Cobb Institute | Mrs. M.A. Lipscomb | Nonsectarian | 1858 | 0 | 15 | 15 | 26 | 109 | 1 | 151 | 30 | 4,000 | 50,000 | 18,000 | 18,000 | Volumes in library, value of grounds and buildings, income from tuition fees, and total income from statistics of 1894-95. | |||||||
College Park | Georgia | Southern Female College | Charles C. Cox, A.M. | Baptist | 1843 | 8 | 22 | 35 | 206 | 12 | 243 | 20 | 5,500 | 8,000 | 53,000 | ||||||||||
Cuthbert | Georgia | Andrew Female College | Homer Bush, A.M. | Methodist Episcopal | 1854 | 4 | 8 | 40 | 20 | 100 | 160 | 1 | 500 | 500 | 30,000 | 0 | 0 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 10,000 | 500 | 0 | |||
Dalton | Georgia | Dalton Female College | G.J. Orr | Methodist Episcopal | 1872 | 2 | 7 | 40 | 20 | 80 | 140 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 20,000 | 0 | 0 | 2,000 | 0 | 3,000 | 5,000 | 0 | |||
Forsyth | Georgia | Monroe Female College | M.H. Lane | Baptist | 1848 | 2 | 4 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 90 | 8 | 200 | 200 | 20,000 | Statistics of 1894-95 | |||||||||
Gainesville | Georgia | Georgia Female Seminary | A.W. Van Hoose | Nonsectarian | 1878 | 4 | 12 | 50 | 30 | 150 | 2 | 232 | 35 | 500 | 75,000 | 35,000 | 35,000 | 10,000 | |||||||
La Grange | Georgia | La Grange Female College | Rufus W. Smith, A.M. | Methodist Episcopal South | 1833 | 6 | 12 | 39 | 12 | 152 | 6 | 209 | 35 | 1,200 | 1,800 | 70,000 | 10000 | 500 | 27,000 | 0 | 0 | 27,500 | 0 | 80,000 | |
La Grange | Georgia | Southern Female College | G.A. Nunnally | Baptist | 1842 | 6 | 14 | 30 | 10 | 110 | 150 | 10 | 500 | 300 | 40,000 | 2500 | 8,000 | 500 | 500 | 9,000 | 25,000 | 43,000 | |||
Macon | Georgia | Wesleyan Female College | J.D. Hammond, D.D. | Methodist Episcopal South | 1839 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 204 | 212 | 45 | 3,000 | 8,000 | 250,000 | 50000 | 3000 | 20,000 | 0 | 0 | 23,000 | 10,000 | 300,000 | |||
Milledgeville | Georgia | Georgia Normal and Industrial College | J. Harris Chappell | Nonsectarian | 1891 | 3 | 16 | 62 | 22 | 240 | 324 | 26 | 2,200 | 3,320 | 200,000 | 3,000 | 22900 | 2,240 | 28,140 | ||||||
Rome | Georgia | Shorter College | A.J. Battle, D.D., LL.D. | Baptist | 1877 | 5 | 10 | 35 | 150 | 2 | 187 | 25 | 1,000 | 2,000 | 130,000 | 40000 | 170,000 | ||||||||
Thomasville | Georgia | Young Female College | John E. Baker | Nonsectarian | 1870 | 1 | 3 | 20 | 65 | 2 | 87 | 7 | 300 | 36,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | |||||||||
Chicago | Illinois | Seminary of the Sacred Heart | Catholic | 1858 | 0 | 20 | 120 | 10 | 2,500 | 2,000 | 250,000 | Statistics of 1894-95 | |||||||||||||
Jacksonville | Illinois | Illinois Female College | Joseph R. Harker, Ph.D. | Methodist Episcopal | 1847 | 2 | 14 | 37 | 51 | 80 | 2 | 170 | 10 | 2,000 | 2,000 | 60,000 | 7000 | 150 | 5,000 | 18,000 | 23,150 | 5,000 | 70,000 | ||
Jacksonville | Illinois | Jacksonville Female Academy | E.F. Bullard, A.M. | Nonsectarian | 1830 | 4 | 9 | 18 | 15 | 32 | 103 | 8 | 2,000 | 1,400 | 60,000 | ||||||||||
Knoxville | Illinois | St. Mary's School | C.W. Leffingwell, D.D. | Protestant Episcopal | 1868 | 4 | 10 | 0 | 25 | 75 | 1 | 101 | 9 | 2,000 | 4,000 | 100,000 | 0 | 0 | 40,000 | 40,000 | 0 | 2,700 | |||
Terre Haute | Indiana | Coates College | John M. Duncan, A.M. | Presbyterian | 1885 | 1 | 12 | 75 | 25 | 100 | 5 | 1,200 | 3,500 | 120,000 | 0 | 11,000 | 0 | 5,000 | 16,000 | 1,500 | 120,000 | ||||
Oswego | Kansas | College for Young Ladies | William Bishop, D.D. | Presbyterian | 1888 | 3 | 7 | 4 | 10 | 33 | 47 | 4 | 1,000 | 1,300 | 40,000 | 1,200 | 0 | 7,000 | 8,200 | ||||||
Topeka | Kansas | College of the Sisters of Bethany | F.R. Millspaugh, D.D. | Protestant Episcopal | 1859 | 2 | 14 | 25 | 75 | 25 | 200 | 5 | 4,000 | 1,000 | 350,000 | 0 | 0 | 20,000 | 0 | 2,000 | 22,000 | 11,200 | 300,000 | ||
Bowling Green | Kentucky | Potter College | Benjamin F. Cabell | 1889 | 2 | 18 | 215 | 215 | 9 | 3,000 | 1,500 | 75,000 | 30,000 | 30,000 | |||||||||||
Danville | Kentucky | Caldwell College | Miss C.A. Campbell | 1861 | 0 | 12 | 141 | 3 | 400 | 75,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | Volumes in library, value of grounds and buildings, income from tuition fees, and total income from statistics of 1894-95. | ||||||||||||
Hopkinsville | Kentucky | Bethel Female College | Edmund Harrison, A.M. | Baptist | 1854 | 3 | 8 | 67 | 67 | 8 | 30,000 | 3,500 | 3,500 | Value of grounds and buildings, income from tuition fees, and total income from statistics of 1894-95. | |||||||||||
Lexington | Kentucky | Hamilton Female College | J.B. Skinner | Christian | 1869 | 5 | 11 | 16 | 27 | 141 | 184 | 24 | 1,000 | 2,000 | 75,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Millersburg | Kentucky | Millersburg Female College | Cadesman Pope | Methodist Episcopal | 1851 | 2 | 11 | 37 | 45 | 81 | 163 | 13 | 1,800 | 350 | 17,500 | 14,000 | 14,000 | ||||||||
Nicholasville | Kentucky | Jessamine Female Institute | Mrs. B.W. Vineyard | Nonsectarian | 1854 | 1 | 11 | 20 | 30 | 70 | 0 | 120 | 9 | 300 | 0 | 20,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
Owensboro | Kentucky | Owensboro Female College | A.C. Goodwin | 1800 | 3 | 4 | 18 | 83 | 101 | 0 | 600 | 1,000 | 30,000 | 2,800 | 1,200 | 4,000 | |||||||||
Pewee Valley | Kentucky | Kentucky College for Young Ladies | G.B. Perry | 1872 | 3 | 8 | 30 | 20 | 35 | 85 | 4 | 600 | 950 | 20,000 | 0 | ||||||||||
Russellville | Kentucky | Logan Female College | A.G. Murphey | Methodist Episcopal South | 1846 | 2 | 10 | 21 | 56 | 47 | 11 | 135 | 7 | 1,500 | 3,000 | 35,000 | 4,800 | 4,800 | |||||||
Stanford | Kentucky | Stanford Female College | William Shelton | Nonsectarian | 1871 | 1 | 6 | 30 | 35 | 47 | 124 | 0 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 5,000 | 0 | 0 | 2,500 | 0 | 0 | 2,500 | 0 | 0 | ||
Winchester | Kentucky | Winchester Female College | Rice S. Eubank, B.S. | Nonsectarian | 1889 | 3 | 3 | 14 | 18 | 13 | 45 | 3 | 800 | 200 | 10,000 | 2,500 | 2,500 | Statistics of 1894-95 | |||||||
Clinton | Louisiana | Silliman Female Institute | George J. Ramsey, A.M. | Presbyterian | 1852 | 2 | 9 | 27 | 43 | 61 | 0 | 131 | 9 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 50,000 | 30000 | 3000 | 8,500 | 0 | 1,200 | 12,700 | 500 | 85,000 | |
Mansfield | Louisiana | Mansfield Female College | T.S. Sligh, A.M. | Methodist Episcopal | 1855 | 2 | 6 | 14 | 16 | 20 | 1 | 51 | 0 | 1,000 | 250 | 15,000 | 2,500 | 2,500 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Minden | Louisiana | Minden Female College | S. Decatur Lucas | Nonsectarian | 1853 | 2 | 5 | 60 | 45 | 40 | 145 | 2 | 800 | 15,000 | 900 | 3200 | 4,100 | ||||||||
Deering | Maine | Westbrook Seminary | H.S. Whitman, A.M. | Universalist | 1834 | 3 | 6 | 4 | 40 | 40 | 1 | 85 | 20 | 3,500 | 4,000 | 100,000 | 25000 | 1300 | 2,400 | 600 | 4,300 | 4,500 | |||
Kents Hill | Maine | Maine Wesleyan Female College | Edgar M. Smith | Methodist Episcopal | 1821 | 6 | 7 | 206 | 13 | 219 | 29 | 7,000 | 8,325 | 120,000 | 115000 | 5000 | 6,500 | 11,500 | 250,000 | ||||||
Baltimore | Maryland | Notre Dame of Maryland | Catholic | 1873 | 6 | 16 | 50 | 4 | 54 | 3 | 5,400 | ||||||||||||||
Frederick | Maryland | Woman's College | J.H. Apple, A.M. | Reformed | 1843 | 3 | 14 | 38 | 17 | 53 | 2 | 133 | 6 | 2,500 | 10,000 | 50,000 | 0 | 0 | 13,000 | 13,000 | 500 | 1,000 | |||
Hagerstown | Maryland | Kee Mar College | C.L. Keedy, A.M., M.D. | Lutheran | 1852 | 6 | 8 | 120 | 22 | 2,500 | 500 | 50,000 | 1000 | 18,000 | 100 | ||||||||||
Lutherville | Maryland | Maryland College for Young Ladies | J.H. Turner, A.M. | Lutheran | 1853 | 6 | 6 | 91 | 1 | 92 | 9 | 1,000 | 2,600 | 50,000 | 25,000 | 25,000 | |||||||||
Auburndale | Massachusetts | Lasell Seminary | C.C. Bragdon, A.M. | Nonsectarian | 1851 | 11 | 21 | 0 | 8 | 144 | 0 | 152 | 26 | 2,100 | 2,500 | 140,000 | 0 | 0 | 15,000 | 0 | 60,000 | 75,000 | 0 | 0 | |
Albert Lea | Minnesota | Albert Lea College | Ella Young | Presbyterian | 1885 | 0 | 7 | 5 | 24 | 35 | 1 | 2,000 | 4,000 | 25,000 | 25000 | 1500 | 1,050 | 1,000 | 3,550 | 1,750 | 50,000 | ||||
Blue Mountain | Mississippi | Blue Mount Female College | W.T. Lowrey, A.M., D.D. | Nonsectarian | 1873 | 6 | 10 | 207 | 17 | 1,500 | 2,000 | 30,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | |||||||||||
Brookhaven | Mississippi | Whitworth Female College | John W. Chambers | Methodist Episcopal | 1857 | 3 | 7 | 30 | 10 | 60 | 2 | 102 | 9 | 800 | 800 | 75,000 | 4,000 | 6,000 | 10,000 | ||||||
Clinton | Mississippi | Hillman College | Franklin L. Riley | Nonsectarian | 1853 | 1 | 6 | 20 | 30 | 50 | 5 | 105 | 3 | 1,500 | 5,000 | 30,000 | Value of grounds and buildings from statistics of 1894-95. | ||||||||
Columbus | Mississippi | Industrial Institute and College | Robert Frazer, LL.D. | Nonsectarian | 1885 | 1 | 17 | 207 | 117 | 0 | 339 | 7 | 1,000 | 3,000 | 100,000 | 500 | 27000 | 2,500 | 30,000 | ||||||
Jackson | Mississippi | Belhaven College for Young Ladies | L.T. Fitzhugh | Nonsectarian | 1894 | 1 | 10 | 10 | 20 | 80 | 10 | 120 | 5 | 250 | 300 | 40,000 | 0 | 0 | 8,000 | 7,000 | 15,000 | 0 | |||
McComb | Mississippi | McComb City Female Institute | C.H. Olken, LL.D. | Nonsectarian | 1894 | 1 | 4 | 22 | 23 | 38 | 0 | 83 | 7 | 300 | 5,000 | 3,500 | 3,500 | ||||||||
Meridian | Mississippi | East Mississippi Female College | J.W. Beeson, A.M. | Methodist Episcopal | 1869 | 2 | 8 | 30 | 30 | 70 | 0 | 130 | 9 | 2,000 | 1,000 | 25,000 | 0 | 0 | 5,000 | 0 | 0 | 5,000 | 0 | 0 | |
Meridian | Mississippi | Stone College for Young Ladies | L.M. Stone, D.D. | Baptist | 1893 | 2 | 6 | 12 | 8 | 66 | 1 | 89 | 19 | 300 | 4,950 | 12,000 | 4,284 | 3,564 | 7,848 | ||||||
Oxford | Mississippi | Union Female College | A.S. Maddox | Cumberland Presbyterian | 1854 | 1 | 10 | 30 | 40 | 75 | 145 | 12 | 1,200 | 1,000 | 75,000 | 12,000 | 12,000 | Statistics of 1894-95 | |||||||
Pontotoc | Mississippi | Chickasaw Female College | H.S. Roller | Presbyterian | 1852 | 2 | 6 | 20 | 40 | 20 | 0 | 80 | 2 | 2,000 | 200 | 10,000 | 3,000 | 3,000 | Value of scientific apparatus and library, value of grounds and buildings, income from tuition fees, and total income from statistics of 1894-95. | ||||||
Port Gibson | Mississippi | Port Gibson Female College | Mrs. M.H. Meck | Methodist Episcopal | 1843 | 1 | 7 | 14 | 28 | 42 | 0 | 100 | 15,000 | 2,400 | 600 | 3,000 | |||||||||
Water Valley | Mississippi | Hamilton College | Mrs. Eva B. Wilkinson | 1894 | 0 | 7 | 10 | 33 | 50 | 3 | 96 | 6 | 300 | 50 | 20,000 | 2000 | 60 | 7,000 | 7,060 | 20,000 | |||||
Columbia | Missouri | Christian Female College | Mrs. F.P. St. Clair | Christian | 1851 | 3 | 11 | 25 | 20 | 100 | 8 | 153 | 31 | 500 | 175 | 60,000 | 0 | 20,000 | 0 | 0 | 20,000 | Statistics of 1894-95 | |||
Columbia | Missouri | Stephens Female College | S.F. Taylor, D.D. | Baptist | 1856 | 5 | 11 | 20 | 50 | 97 | 167 | 21 | 500 | 100,000 | 20000 | 1200 | 15,000 | 16,200 | 2,000 | 20,000 | |||||
Fayette | Missouri | Howard Payne College | Hiram D. Groves | Methodist Episcopal South | 1844 | 2 | 11 | 0 | 51 | 53 | 4 | 148 | 15 | 1,025 | 1,500 | 50,000 | 0 | 0 | 15,457 | 15,457 | 0 | ||||
Fulton | Missouri | Synodical Female College | T.P. Walton | Presbyterian | 1872 | 1 | 11 | 0 | 15 | 67 | 0 | 119 | 11 | 725 | 1,500 | 32,000 | 0 | 0 | 5,400 | 0 | 6,100 | 11,500 | Statistics of 1894-95 | ||
Independence | Missouri | Presbyterian College | George F. Ayres | Presbyterian | 1871 | 3 | 9 | 30 | 21 | 24 | 2 | 77 | 3 | 700 | 3,000 | 40,000 | 6,300 | 6,300 | 40,000 | ||||||
Jennings | Missouri | St. Louis Seminary | B.T. Blewett, LL.D. | Nonsectarian | 1871 | 1 | 5 | 30 | 2,000 | 60,000 | |||||||||||||||
Lexington | Missouri | Baptist Female College | W.H. Buck | Baptist | 1855 | 3 | 6 | 10 | 30 | 60 | 100 | 22 | 2,000 | 25,000 | 0 | 0 | 5,000 | 0 | 7,000 | 12,000 | 0 | 15,000 | |||
Lexington | Missouri | Central Female College | Archibald A. Jones | Methodist Episcopal | 1869 | 5 | 11 | 150 | 13 | 2,000 | 2,000 | 50,000 | 25,000 | 25,000 | |||||||||||
Lexington | Missouri | Elizabeth Aull Female Seminary | W.H. Morton | Presbyterian | 1859 | 5 | 9 | 10 | 20 | 47 | 3 | 80 | 6 | 600 | 500 | 8,000 | 0 | 0 | 9,000 | 0 | 0 | 9,000 | Statistics of 1894-95 | ||
Liberty | Missouri | Liberty College for Young Ladies | C.M. Williams | Nonsectarian | 1890 | 4 | 11 | 50 | 101 | 1 | 152 | 19 | 1,500 | 1,500 | 75,000 | 0 | 25,000 | 25,000 | 15,000 | ||||||
Mexico | Missouri | Hardin College | A.K. Yancey | Baptist | 1873 | 10 | 15 | 30 | 175 | 205 | 22 | 1,000 | 2,500 | 82,000 | 55000 | 4400 | 15,000 | 19,400 | 139,500 | ||||||
St. Charles | Missouri | Lindenwood Female College | W.S. Knight, D.D. | Presbyterian | 1830 | 2 | 11 | 20 | 40 | 1 | 61 | 12 | 2,500 | 2,500 | 75,000 | 12000 | 1000 | 19,000 | 20,000 | 300 | |||||
Tilton | New Hampshire | New Hampshire Conference Seminary and Female College | George L. Plimpton | Methodist Episcopal | 1845 | 4 | 8 | 129 | 15 | 232 | 14 | 3,000 | 4,000 | 75,000 | 25000 | 1000 | 4,000 | 0 | 15,000 | 20,000 | |||||
Bordentown | New Jersey | Bordentown Female College | J.W. Blaisdell | Methodist Episcopal | 1853 | 6 | 7 | 14 | 10 | 17 | 41 | 2,700 | 6,000 | 25,000 | 3,118 | 3,118 | |||||||||
New York | Brooklyn | Packer Collegiate Institute | Truman J. Backus. LL.D. | Nonsectarian | 1845 | 6 | 53 | 43 | 557 | 143 | 16 | 759 | 43 | 6,594 | 23,983 | 219,415 | 40000 | 1663 | 78,837 | 100 | 2,122 | 82,722 | 2,122 | 0 | |
Asheville | North Carolina | Asheville Female College | James Atkins, D.D. | Methodist Episcopal South | 1854 | 3 | 7 | 27 | 123 | 160 | 5 | 1,000 | 3,000 | 100,000 | 8,000 | 6,000 | 14,000 | Statistics of 1894-95 | |||||||
Dallas | North Carolina | Gaston College | S.A. Wolff | Lutheran | 1879 | 2 | 3 | 19 | 9 | 27 | 94 | 4 | 500 | 500 | 8,000 | 0 | 0 | 425 | 825 | 1,250 | 0 | ||||
Greensboro | North Carolina | Greensboro Female College | Dred Peacock, A.M. | Methodist Episcopal South | 1846 | 3 | 12 | 150 | 7 | 157 | 27 | 3,000 | 7,500 | 100,000 | 30,000 | 30,000 | |||||||||
Hickory | North Carolina | Claremont Female College | S.P. Hatton, A.M. | Nonsectarian | 1880 | 2 | 8 | 20 | 20 | 40 | 80 | 0 | 1,000 | 500 | 20,000 | ||||||||||
Louisburg | North Carolina | Louisburg Female College | M.S. Davis, A.M. | Methodist Episcopal | 1857 | 1 | 5 | 15 | 25 | 35 | 75 | 3 | 1,000 | 10,000 | 2,250 | 2,250 | |||||||||
Murfreesboro | North Carolina | Chowan Baptist Female Institute | W.P. Petty | Baptist | 1848 | 2 | 6 | 80 | 11 | 1,000 | 1,200 | 50,000 | 8,000 | 8,000 | Statistics of 1894-95 | ||||||||||
Oxford | North Carolina | Oxford Female Seminary | F.P. Hobgood | Baptist | 1850 | 1 | 7 | 25 | 25 | 55 | 105 | 5 | 800 | 15,000 | |||||||||||
Salem | North Carolina | Salem Female Academy | John H. Clewell | Moravian | 1802 | 6 | 29 | 82 | 205 | 1 | 435 | 49 | 6,000 | 6,000 | 200,000 | 11000 | 500 | 40,000 | 40,500 | ||||||
Cincinnati | Ohio | Bartholomew English and Classical School | G.K. Bartholomew, A.M., Ph.D. | Protestant Episcopal | 1875 | 1 | 13 | 12 | 16 | 82 | 110 | 16 | 1,000 | 40,000 | |||||||||||
Glendale | Ohio | Glendale Female College | L.D. Potter, D.D. | Nonsectarian | 1854 | 2 | 11 | 2 | 19 | 51 | 1 | 93 | 10 | 3,000 | 5,000 | 60,000 | 0 | ||||||||
Granville | Ohio | Granville Female College | Clara Sheldon | Presbyterian | 1827 | 0 | 8 | 75 | 7 | 900 | 20,000 | 4,500 | 500 | 5,000 | |||||||||||
Granville | Ohio | Shepardson College | D.B. Purinton, LL.D. | Baptist | 1887 | 3 | 10 | 115 | 51 | 240 | 5 | 90,000 | 75000 | Statistics of 1894-95 | |||||||||||
Oxford | Ohio | Oxford College | Faye Walker, D.D. | Presbyterian | 1849 | 4 | 22 | 210 | 29 | 5,400 | 50,000 | ||||||||||||||
Oxford | Ohio | Western College and Seminary | Leila S. McKee, Ph.D. | Nonsectarian | 1855 | 1 | 22 | 53 | 91 | 1 | 145 | 13 | 8,000 | 15,000 | 200,000 | 60000 | 4000 | 20,000 | 24,000 | Value of scientific apparatus and library, value of grounds and buildings, amount of productive funds, income from productive funds, income from tuition fees, and total income from statistics of 1894-95. | |||||
Painesville | Ohio | Lake Erie Seminary | Miss Mary Evans | Nonsectarian | 1859 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 40 | 81 | 0 | 121 | 12 | 5,000 | 12,000 | 280,000 | 32096 | 2075 | 23,925 | 25,000 | 11,028 | 325,000 | |||
Allentown | Pennsylvania | Allentown College for Women | J.W. Knappenberger, A.M. | Reformed | 1867 | 3 | 9 | 16 | 23 | 47 | 115 | 9 | 700 | 600 | 60,000 | 7,200 | 7,200 | 5,000 | |||||||
Bethlehem | Pennsylvania | Moravian Seminary for Young Ladies | J. Max Hark, D.D. | Moravian | 1749 | 6 | 14 | 90 | 9 | 6,000 | 4,500 | 100,000 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||
Carlisle | Pennsylvania | Metzger College | Wallace P. Dick | Nonsectarian | 1881 | 3 | 14 | 112 | 2 | 2,000 | 30,000 | 35000 | 1900 | 2,547 | 4,447 | Value of grounds and buildings, amount of productive funds, income from productive funds, income from tuition fees, and total income from statistics of 1894-95. | |||||||||
Chambersburg | Pennsylvania | Wilson College | Samuel A. Martin | Presbyterian | 1879 | 4 | 23 | 56 | 220 | 4 | 280 | 29 | 2,000 | 10,000 | 100,000 | 0 | 0 | 60,000 | 60,000 | 75,000 | |||||
Lititz | Pennsylvania | Linden Hall Seminary | Charles B. Shultz | Moravian | 1794 | 2 | 11 | 0 | 7 | 28 | 0 | 35 | 9 | 2,600 | 3,000 | 20,000 | 8,294 | 1,300 | 9,594 | 0 | |||||
Mechanicsburg | Pennsylvania | Irving Female College | E.E. Campbell, A.M. | Lutheran | 1856 | 7 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 117 | 10 | 800 | 40,000 | 0 | 0 | 25,000 | 0 | 15,000 | 40,000 | 0 | 0 | ||
Ogontz School | Pennsylvania | Ogontz School | Frances E. Bennett | Nonsectarian | 1883 | 6 | 22 | 13 | 13 | 127 | 2 | 155 | 21 | 10,000 | 2,000 | 100 | |||||||||
Pittsburg | Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania College for Women | R. Jennie DeVore | Presbyterian | 1870 | 3 | 18 | 130 | 60 | 1 | 191 | 8 | 3,000 | 6,000 | 150,000 | 0 | 0 | 16,000 | 0 | 20,000 | 36,000 | 3,000 | |||
Columbia | South Carolina | Columbia Female College | J.A. Rice | Methodist Episcopal South | 1859 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 114 | 2 | 120 | 3 | 800 | 500 | 50,000 | 12,000 | 12,000 | 1,300 | |||||||
Columbia | South Carolina | Presbyterian College for Women | W.R. Atkinson, D.D. | Presbyterian | 1890 | 4 | 12 | 20 | 100 | 3 | 123 | 4 | 200 | 700 | 60,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | Statistics of 1894-95 | |||||||
Due West | South Carolina | Due West Female College | C.E. Todd | Associate Reformed Presbyterian | 1858 | 5 | 10 | 30 | 35 | 110 | 3 | 178 | 23 | 800 | 10,000 | 6,000 | 6,000 | ||||||||
Gaffney City | South Carolina | Cooper-Limestone Institute | Jno. R. Mack, A.M. | Baptist | 1845 | 2 | 6 | 20 | 29 | 94 | 2 | 145 | 8 | 350 | 1,500 | 35,000 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 10,000 | 500 | 45,000 | ||||
Greenville | South Carolina | Greenville College for Women | A.S. Townes | Nonsectarian | 1894 | 4 | 8 | 10 | 76 | 86 | 14 | 500 | 20,000 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Greenville | South Carolina | Greenville Female College | M.M. Riley | Baptist | 1854 | 5 | 8 | 23 | 113 | 146 | 11 | 200 | 200 | 25,000 | 8,000 | 8,000 | |||||||||
Spartanburg | South Carolina | Converse College | B.F. Wilson | Nonsectarian | 1890 | 8 | 22 | 70 | 140 | 10 | 377 | 34 | 3,500 | 5,000 | 120,000 | 40000 | 35,000 | 35,000 | 100,000 | Amount of productive funds from statistics of 1894-95. | |||||
Union | South Carolina | Clifford Seminary | B.G. Clifford | Nonsectarian | 1881 | 1 | 5 | 13 | 6 | 34 | 0 | 54 | 2 | 500 | 300 | 6,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Williamston | South Carolina | Williamston Female College | S. Lauder, A.M. | Nonsectarian | 1872 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 30 | 50 | 80 | 4 | 3,000 | 5,000 | 20,000 | 3,000 | 3,000 | ||||||||
Bristol | Tennessee | Sullins College | D.S. Hearon, D.D. | Methodist Episcopal South | 1869 | 4 | 6 | 19 | 32 | 48 | 5 | 94 | 3 | 400 | 500 | 50,000 | 0 | 0 | 6,000 | 0 | 3,600 | 9,600 | |||
Brownsville | Tennessee | Brownsville Female College | C.A. Folk, A.B. | Baptist | 1851 | 2 | 6 | 30 | 39 | 18 | 2 | 89 | 7 | 1,600 | 1,800 | 15,000 | 0 | 0 | 4,000 | 0 | 0 | 4,000 | 0 | 0 | |
Columbia | Tennessee | Columbia Athenaeum | Robert D. Smith, A.M. | Nonsectarian | 1852 | 5 | 11 | 31 | 68 | 56 | 6 | 161 | 5 | 9,857 | 20,000 | 80,000 | |||||||||
Franklin | Tennessee | Tennessee Female College | T.E. Allen | Nonsectarian | 1856 | 4 | 9 | 30 | 50 | 30 | 110 | 5 | 1,200 | 500 | 12,000 | 9,000 | 9,000 | 2,000 | |||||||
Gallatin | Tennessee | Howard Female College | J.M. Hubbard | Nonsectarian | 1837 | 1 | 6 | 10 | 39 | 30 | 79 | 8 | 580 | 300 | 25,000 | 5,000 | 5,000 | ||||||||
Jackson | Tennessee | Memphis Conference Female Institute | Howard W. Key, Ph.D. | Methodist Episcopal | 1843 | 5 | 25 | 18 | 63 | 235 | 316 | 15 | 6,250 | 4,500 | 50,000 | 26,000 | 26,000 | ||||||||
Knoxville | Tennessee | East Tennessee Institute | Charles C. Ross | Nonsectarian | 1835 | 1 | 9 | 26 | 34 | 32 | 92 | 8 | 600 | 30,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | Statistics of 1894-95 | ||||||||
Murfreesboro | Tennessee | Soule Female College | Miss V.O. Wardlaw, A.M. | Nonsectarian | 1852 | 1 | 8 | 35 | 25 | 40 | 0 | 120 | 1 | 400 | 1,000 | 15,000 | 0 | 0 | 7,500 | 7,500 | 0 | 0 | |||
Nashville | Tennessee | Nashville College for Young Ladies | George W.F. Price, D.D. | Methodist Episcopal | 1880 | 9 | 20 | 214 | 15 | 1,000 | 150,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||
Nashville | Tennessee | Ward's Seminary for Young Ladies | J.D. Blanton | Presbyterian | 1865 | 6 | 26 | 50 | 50 | 200 | 372 | 12 | 1,500 | 150,000 | 0 | 0 | 23,000 | 20,000 | 43,000 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Pulaski | Tennessee | Martin Female College | S.N. Barker | Methodist Episcopal | 1870 | 2 | 15 | 10 | 12 | 138 | 3 | 163 | 300 | 50,000 | 30000 | 2800 | 4,000 | 6,800 | 80,000 | Statistics of 1894-95 | |||||
Rogersville | Tennessee | Synodical Female College | William M. Graybill, A.M. | Presbyterian | 1849 | 3 | 13 | 20 | 17 | 161 | 5 | 203 | 14 | 1,000 | 2,500 | 30,000 | 8,000 | 8,000 | 16,000 | ||||||
Winchester | Tennessee | Mary Sharp College | Z.C. Graves, LL.D. | Baptist | 1851 | 2 | 4 | 10 | 48 | 51 | 1 | 100 | 6 | 1,500 | 2,000 | 20,000 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
Belton | Texas | Baylor Female College | W.A. Wilson, A.M. | Baptist | 1845 | 3 | 14 | 180 | 100 | 5 | 285 | 30 | 2,500 | 3,000 | 135,000 | 35,000 | 35,000 | 30,000 | |||||||
Chappell Hill | Texas | Chappell Hill Female College | S.M. Godbey | Methodist Episcopal South | 1852 | 1 | 6 | 30 | 20 | 30 | 80 | 6 | 300 | 300 | 10,000 | 2,000 | 300 | 2,300 | Statistics of 1894-95 | ||||||
Abingdon | Virginia | Martha Washington College | W.M. Dyer | Methodist Episcopal | 1860 | 3 | 9 | 31 | 20 | 95 | 1 | 148 | 1,000 | 1,500 | 50,000 | 8,000 | |||||||||
Abingdon | Virginia | Stonewall Jackson Institute | J.D. Anderson, A.M. | Presbyterian | 1869 | 2 | 7 | 29 | 12 | 60 | 101 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||
Bristol | Virginia | Southwest Virginia Institute | Samuel D. Jones, B.L. | Baptist | 1884 | 8 | 12 | 222 | 2 | 5,600 | 160,000 | ||||||||||||||
Buena Vista | Virginia | Young Ladies' College | J.I. Miller | Lutheran | 1894 | 3 | 7 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 90 | 0 | 0 | 40,000 | 0 | 0 | 6,000 | 6,000 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Charlottesville | Virginia | Albemarle Female Institute | L.H. Shuck, D.D. | Baptist | 1857 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 8 | 43 | 51 | 0 | 100 | 14,000 | 0 | ||||||||||
Danville | Virginia | Danville College for Young Ladies | R.E. Farmer | Methodist Episcopal South | 1883 | 3 | 5 | 15 | 57 | 72 | 5 | 350 | 800 | 30,000 | 0 | 0 | 4,000 | 0 | |||||||
Danville | Virginia | Roanoke Female College | C.F. James, D.D. | Baptist | 1859 | 1 | 6 | 14 | 46 | 71 | 9 | 1,200 | 500 | 25,000 | 0 | 0 | 3,050 | 0 | 3,429 | 6,479 | 0 | ||||
Hollins | Virginia | Hollins Institute | Charles L. Cocke | Baptist | 1842 | 8 | 20 | 19 | 146 | 1 | 166 | 2,000 | 2,500 | 150,000 | 0 | 0 | 20,000 | 20,000 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Marion | Virginia | Marion Female College | J.J. Scherer, A.M. | Lutheran | 1873 | 2 | 7 | 26 | 43 | 69 | 2 | 220 | 225 | 20,000 | 1,800 | 1,800 | 800 | ||||||||
Norfolk | Virginia | Norfolk College for Young Ladies | A.P. Piper | Nonsectarian | 1878 | 2 | 14 | 24 | 48 | 137 | 2 | 211 | 15 | 285 | 1,500 | 150,000 | 0 | 13,000 | 13,000 | ||||||
Petersburg | Virginia | Southern Female College | Arthur K. Davis, A.M. | Nonsectarian | 1863 | 4 | 8 | 10 | 15 | 75 | 100 | 8 | 2,000 | ||||||||||||
Richmond | Virginia | Richmond Female Institute | John H. Powell | Baptist | 1854 | 7 | 11 | 75 | 100 | 3 | 178 | 20 | 1,000 | 65,000 | 0 | 0 | 15,000 | 15,000 | Statistics of 1894-95 | ||||||
Staunton | Virginia | Staunton Female Seminary | James Willis, A.M. | Lutheran | 1870 | 4 | 6 | 12 | 38 | 60 | 500 | 200 | 25,000 | 3425 | |||||||||||
Staunton | Virginia | Virginia Female Institute | Mrs. J.E.B. Stuart | Protestant Episcopal | 1844 | 2 | 14 | 46 | 40 | 86 | 0 | 1,200 | 1,000 | 60,000 | |||||||||||
Staunton | Virginia | Wesleyan Female Institute | Henry P. Hamill | Methodist Episcopal | 1848 | 3 | 8 | 8 | 50 | 1 | 59 | 2 | 250 | 200 | 50,000 | 5,365 | 500 | 5,865 | |||||||
Winchester | Virginia | Episcopal Female Institute | A.M. Smith | Protestant Episcopal | 1874 | 2 | 6 | 10 | 14 | 37 | 61 | 4 | 1,100 | 200 | 15,000 | 4,000 | 4,000 | Statistics of 1894-95 | |||||||
Winchester | Virginia | Valley Female College | John P. Hyde, D.D., LL.D. | Methodist Episcopal South | 1874 | 3 | 7 | 5 | 8 | 30 | 1 | 44 | 6 | 500 | 250 | 20,000 | |||||||||
Parkersburg | West Virginia | Parkersburg Seminary | Mrs. H.L. Field | Nonsectarian | 1878 | 0 | 3 | 18 | 17 | 35 | 500 | ||||||||||||||
Milwaukee | Wisconsin | Milwaukee and Downer Colleges | Ella C. Sabin | Congregational and Presbyterian | 1895 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 145 | 31 | 2 | 178 | 0 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 75,000 | 150000 | 7000 | 25,000 | 32,000 | 27,000 | 223,000 | |||
City | State | Institution | President | Religious denomination controlling | Year of opening | Male professors and instructors | Female professors and instructors | Primary students | Preparatory students | Collegiate students | Graduate students | Total number of students | Students graduated in 1896 | Volumes in library | Value of scientific apparatus and library | Vale of grounds and buildings | Amount of productive funds | Income from productive funds | Income from tuition fees | Income from State or municipal appropriation | Income from other sources | Total income | Benefactions | Value of property, endowment, and funds from private sources | Notes |
Note: Between 1887 and 1910, the Bureau of Education categorized women’s institutions as Division A or Division B. The Bureau described Division A institutions as “essentially collegiate…making more or less provision for the distinctive studies of the college curriculum” in contrast to the Division B schools that featured some collegiate courses alongside primary and preparatory training. Division A colleges tended to boast more substantial libraries, equipment, and endowments.
Source: “Table 10.— Statistics of colleges for women, Division B,” United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Education, Report of the Commissioner of Education for the Year 1895–96, v. 2 (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1897), 1996 – 2003.